Nguyễn Khánk's Wiki

# Cloud Terms

# Cloud computing

the practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.

On-premise Cloud Provider
You own the servers Someone else owns the servers
You hire the IT people Someone else hires the IT people
You pay or rent the real-estate Someone else pays or rents the real-estate
You take all the risk You are responsible for your configuring cloud services and code, someone else takes care of the rest.

# Cloud Service Provider

  • provides multiple Cloud Services e.g. tens to hundreds of services
  • those Cloud Services can be chained together to create cloud architectures
  • those Cloud Services are accessible via Single Unified API eg. AWS API
  • those Cloud Services utilized metered billing based on usage e.g. per second, per hour
  • those Cloud Services have rich monitoring built in eg. AWS Cloud Trail
  • those Cloud Services have an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) offering
  • Those Cloud Services offers automation via Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

# Cloud Computing Models

Types of Cloud Computing

# Cloud Computing Deployment Models

  1. Public Cloud (Cloud-Native or Cloud First) Everything (the workload or project) is built on the SP

  2. Private Cloud (On-Premise) Everything built on company's datacenters

  3. Hybrid Using both On-Premise and A Cloud Service Provider

# Technology Overview

Cloud Service Provider (CSPs) that are Infrastructure as a Service (laas) will always have 4 core cloud service offerings:

  • Compute
  • Storage
  • Database
  • Networking & Content Delivery

# Landscape of CSPs

  1. Tier-1 (Top Tier) - Early to market, wide offering, strong synergies between services, well recognized in the industry
  • AWS
  • Microsoft Azure
  • Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
  • Alibaba Cloud
  1. Tier-2 (Mid Tier) - Backed by well-known tech companies, slow to innovate and turned to specialization.
  • IBM Cloud
  • Oracle Cloud
  • Rackspace (OpenStack)
  1. Tier-3 (Light Tier) - Virtual Private Servers (VPS) turned to offer core laaS offering. Simple, cost-effective
  • Vultr
  • Digital Ocean
  • Linode

# Evolution of Cloud Hosting

# Dedicated Server

  • One physical machine dedicated to a single business.
  • Runs a single web-app/site.
  • Very Expensive, High Maintenance, High Security

# Virtual Private Server (VPS)

  • One physical machine dedicated to a single business.
  • The physical machine is virtualized into sub-machines
  • Runs multiple web-apps/sites
  • Better Utilization and Isolation of Resources

# Shared Hosting

  • One physical machine, shared by hundred of businesses
  • Relies on most tenants under-utilizing their resources.
  • Very Cheap, Limited functionality, Poor Isolation

# Cloud Hosting

  • Multiple physical machines that act as one system.
  • The system is abstracted into multiple cloud services
  • Flexible, Scalable, Secure, Cost-Effective, High Configurability

# Evolution of Computing

# Dedicated

  • A physical server wholly utilized by a single customer
  • You have to guess your capacity
  • you'll overpay for an underutilized server
  • You can't vertical scale, you need a manual migration
  • Replacing a server is very difficult
  • You are limited by your Host Operating System
  • Multiple apps can result in conflicts in resource sharing
  • You have a guarantee of security, privacy, and full utility of underlying resources

# Virtual Machines (VMs)

  • You can run multiple Virtual Machines on one machine.
  • Hypervisor is the software layer that lets you run the VMs
  • A physical server shared by multiple customers
  • You are to pay for a fraction of the server
  • You'll overpay for an underutilized Virtual Machine
  • You are limited by your Guest Operating System
  • Multiple apps on a single Virtual Machine can result in conflicts in resource sharing
  • Easy to export or import images for migration
  • Easy to Vertical or Hortizonalty scale

# Containers

  • Virtual Machine running multiple containers
  • Docker Demon is the name of the software layer that lets you run multiple containers.
  • You can maximize the utilize of the available capacity which is more cost-effective
  • Your containers share the same underlying OS so containers are more efficient than multiple VMs
  • Multiple apps can run side by side without being limited to the same OS requirements and will not cause conflicts during resource sharing

# Functions

  • Are managed VMs running managed containers.
  • Known as Serverless Compute
  • You upload a piece of code, choose the amount of memory and duration.
  • Only responsible for code and data, nothing else
  • Very cost-effective, only pay for the time code is running, VMs only run when there is code to be executed
  • Cold Starts is a side-effect of this setup

← Cloud Architecture Terms →